AB 1746-IB8確定輸入／輸出設備
根據系統的控制要求，確定系統所需的全部輸入設備（如：按紐、位置開關、轉換開關及各種傳感器等）和輸出設備（如：接觸器、電磁閥、信號指示燈及其它執行器等），從而確定與PLC有關的輸入/輸出設備，以確定PLC的I/O點數。
AB 1746-IB8
1.控制規模
控制規模代表PLC控制能力，看其能對多少輸入、輸出點及對多少路模擬進行控制。
控制規模與速度有關。因為規模大了，用戶程序也長，執行指令的速度不快，勢必延長PLC循環的時間，也必然會延長PLC對輸入信號的響應。為了避免這個情況，PLC的工作速度就要快。所以，大型PLC的工作速度總是比小的要快。
控制規模還與內存區的大小有關。規模大，用戶程序長，要求有更大的用戶存儲區。同時點數多，系統的存儲器輸入、輸出的信號區（輸入輸出繼電器區或稱輸入、輸出映射區）也大。這個區大，相應地內部器件（解釋見后）也要增多，這些都要求有更大的系統存儲區。
控制規模還與輸入、輸出電路數有關。如控制規模為1024點，那就得有1024條I/O電路。這些電路集成于I/O模塊中，而每個模塊有多少路的I/O點總是有數的。所以，規模大，所使用的模塊也多。
控制規模還與PLC指令系統有關。規模大的PLC指令條數多，指令的功能也強，才能應付對點數多的系統進行控制的需要。
控制規模是對PLC其它性能指標起著制約作用的指標；也是PLC劃分為微、小、中、大和特大型
2.組成模塊
PLC的結構雖有箱體及模塊式之分，但從質上看，箱體也是模塊，只是它集成了更多的功能。在此，不妨把PLC的模塊組成當作所有PLC的結構性能。
這個性能含義是指某型號PLC具有多少種模塊，各種模塊都有什么規格，并各具什么特點。
一般講，規模大的PLC，檔次高的PLC模塊的種類也多，規格也多，反映它的特點的性能指標也高。但模塊的功能則單一些。相反，小型PLC、檔次低的PLC模塊種類也少，規格也少，指標也低。但功能則多樣些，以至于集成為箱體。
組成PLC的模塊是PLC的硬件基礎，只有弄清所選用的PLC都具有那些模塊及其特點，才能正確選用模塊，去組成一臺完整的PLC，以滿足控制系統對PLC的要求。
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