導讀：

電動執行器在終端用戶現場排污系統中是怎樣應用的呢？天蝶閥門技術人員帶您來認識一下。

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電動執行器在污染源總量控制系統中的應用介紹
Application of electric actuators in total emission control system of pollution sources

電動執行器在污染源總量控制系統中的相關應用
Application of electric actuators in total pollution control system
近年來，環評工作對規劃和建設項目實施后可能造成的環境影響進行分析、預測和評估以后，環保部門引入了污染源總量控制的管理制度，從源頭上對污染源排放量進行了嚴格把關。一旦確認超總量的現象發生，負責人員馬上通過污染源總量控制系統的遠程端將閥門關死，不讓污染源進一步的擴散，這種方式為環境執行提供了一種自動化的解決方案。
In recent years, after the environmental impact analysis, prediction and evaluation of the environmental impact on the implementation of the planning and construction projects, the environmental protection department has introduced the management system of the total amount control of pollution sources, and strictly controls the emission of the source of pollution from the source. Once the excess amount is recognized, the law enforcement officers immediately pass the valve through the remote end of the total pollution source control system to prevent further diffusion of the source of the pollution, which provides an automated solution for environmental enforcement.

（伯納德電動執行器）

電動執行器的工作原理
The working principle of electric actuator
電動執行器是自動控制系統中的執行機構和控制閥組合體。它在自動控制系統中的作用是接受來自調節器發出的信號，以其在工藝管路的位置和特性，調節工藝介質的流量，從而控制在生產過程所要求的范圍內。
The electric actuator is the actuator and control valve assembly in the automatic control system. Its role in the automatic control system is to accept the signal from the regulator, to regulate the flow of the process medium in the position and characteristics of the process pipeline, and to control the range required in the production process.

（DKJ電動執行器）

電動執行器的組成結構
The structure of the electric actuator
電動執行器包括執行和調節兩大機構組成。控制器發送電流信號給電控裝置，電控裝置控制通過執行機構（一般為電機）的轉動移位，執行器將閥門開度轉到一定的位置時，通過簡易的齒輪單元帶動滑動變阻器阻值的發生變化，經過檢測單元對相應位置的滑動變阻器的阻值進行轉換成電流或者電壓信號，反饋后比較控制信號，直到與控制器發送的電流相吻合的時候停止轉動，這一系列被稱為調節單元。
The electric actuator consists of two main parts: execution and adjustment. The controller sends an electric current signal to the electronic control device. The electronic control device controls the rotation of the actuator (usually motor). When the actuator transfers the opening of the valve to a certain position, it changes the resistance of the sliding rheostat through a simple gear unit, and passes through the sliding rheostat of the detection unit to the corresponding position. The resistance is converted into a current or voltage signal, and the feedback is compared to the control signal until it is consistent with the current transmitted by the controller, and this series is called the adjustment unit.

（羅托克電動執行器）

電動執行器的現場安裝方式
On-the-spot installation of electric actuator
總量控制系統中，執行器一般安裝在介質的流動方向，一般和管道流量計在同一段管路上，并且需要安裝在流量計的后端，原因是執行器的開合時候會出現渦流現象，容易在管路中產生一定的氣泡量，實踐安裝中，一般安裝在離流量計同一直管段的3倍管道直徑處（經驗值，可參考）。
In the total amount control system, the actuator is usually installed in the flow direction of the medium, generally and the pipe flowmeter in the same line, and need to be installed at the back end of the flowmeter. The reason is that the eddy current phenomenon occurs when the actuator is open and closing. It is easy to produce a certain amount of gas in the pipeline. In practice installation, it is generally installed in the installation. The flow meter is 3 times the pipe diameter of the tube section.

電動執行器的校對方式
Proofreading mode of electric actuator
污染源總量控制系統中，執行器在執行過程中經常出現角度的飄移，導致環境負責人員無法的打開和關閉電動執行器，調節執行器開度只要對其進行兩點校正，同PH計校正原理，在關位和開位的位置處進行校正。
In the total amount control system of pollution source, the actuator often appears angle drift during the execution process, which leads to the environment law enforcement personnel unable to open and close the electric actuator accurately, and adjust the actuator's opening as long as it is corrected at two points, and the correction principle of the pH meter and the position and the open position.

（DZW電動執行器）

電動執行器的運維工作
Operation and maintenance of electric actuators
執行器在使用中需對齒輪、軸類接縫，油封等地方進行潤滑，對于長期不動作的閥門要進行緩慢的步進式開合操作，這樣既避免了電機卡死的堵轉現象，也保護了閥體不會因過大的力而受磨損的事故發生。
The actuator needs to be lubricated in the use of gear, shaft joint, oil seal and other places. For a valve that does not move for a long time, a slow step opening and closing operation is required. This avoids the blocking phenomenon of motor card death, and also protects the valve body from accidents caused by excessive force.
  
電動執行器的安全作業
Safety operation of electric actuators
根據國家標準，交流電動機過載保護，應符合如下規定：短時工作或斷續周期工作的電動機可不裝過載保護，但當電動機運行中可能發生堵轉時，應裝設保護電動機堵轉的過載保護。在污染源總量控制系統中，由于污水水質變化平凡，電機轉子堵轉概率較大，所以有必要安裝保護器。選擇保護器的類型需跳過啟動電流，小于堵轉電流。以下針對單相以及三相異步電機做如下選型推薦：
According to national standards, AC motor overload protection should be in accordance with the following provisions: short time working or intermittent cycle of the motor can not install overload protection, but when the motor may be blocked, the overload protection of the protective motor should be installed. In the total pollution control system, due to the ordinary change of sewage quality, the probability of motor rotor blocking is larger, so it is necessary to install protectors. The type of protector should be skipped starting current, less than blocking current. The following selection is recommended for single-phase and three-phase asynchronous motors.
（1）單相異步電機相關保護器選型。污染源總量控制系統項目中，使用的電動執行器多以單相異步電機為主，保護器可以選用陶瓷保險絲接入已安裝空開下的火線相。陶瓷型保險絲具有無電弧及其他安全措施。（2）三相異步電機相關保護器選型。污染源總量控制系統項目中，有少量三相電動執行器，空開下保護器可以選用：空開和交流電動機啟動器的整合。也可以使用空開和交流接觸器，外加熱繼電器的整合。空開建議使用動力型規格。
(1) Different selection of single-phase asynchronous motor related protector. In the project of total pollution source control system, the main electric actuators used are the single-phase asynchronous motor, and the protector can choose the ceramic fuse to connect with the open fire line. Ceramic fuse has no arc and other safety measures. (2) different selection of three phase asynchronous motor related protectors. There are a small number of three-phase electric actuators in the total pollution control system project. The open protector can be selected: the integration of open and AC motor starters. Can also use the circuit breaker and AC contactor, integrated heating relay. Recommend the use of air power specifications.
電動執行器關注安全方面，特別推出兩種不同安全規格的產品供給我們選擇：（1）防爆、防水型。工作在石油、煤礦等環境特別惡劣的場所，具有防爆，防水的效果。防水的別可以做到長期在水下進行作業。（2）普通型。一般化工等制造型企業，適應一般的場所使用。
Electric actuators are concerned about safety. Two kinds of products with different safety specifications are specially selected for our selection: (1) explosion-proof and waterproof type. Working in oil, coal and other environments, especially in harsh environment, it has the effect of explosion-proof and waterproof. The highest level of waterproofing can be done underwater for a long time. (2) common type. General chemical and other modeling enterprises adapt to the general use of places.

電動執行器優缺點
Advantages and disadvantages of electric actuators
相對應于手動執行閥門方式，電動執行器關閥具有以下優缺點：
優點：（1）執行，控制角度。人可以不到現場，通過網絡將上位機的控制信號傳遞給下位機，再通過下位機控制閥門進行關閥操作，電動執行器可以執行角度關閥（調節型），也可以直接進行開關關閥（開關型）兩種方式。控制信號通過物聯網的方式進行傳送成為當今自動化、網絡化領域的一種主流方式。通過網絡底層傳輸路徑，將信號傳至現場，完達到實時性和性的效果。（2）安全執行扭力，開關方便快捷。可以根據閥門大小，通過不同規格的齒輪箱進行開關調速，用較小的力可以推動較大的閥門閥芯，通過設置了電子行程開關作為電子限位，同時設置了機械方式的限位，安全保護超行程現象的發生。（3）安全電器保護。感溫探頭預埋入執行器內部機構，作為測量執行器電機堵轉的過熱保護；開過載和關過載報警，通過內部有一定扭矩的機械結構開關，通過電信號傳至電控板，將開過載和關過載做限位保護功能。
Relative to manual operation of valve, electric actuator valve has the following advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages: (1) efficient execution and precise control angle. The control signal of the upper computer can be passed to the lower machine through the network, and the valve is controlled through the lower machine to carry out the valve operation. The electric actuator can perform the accurate angle valve (adjustable type), and can also direct the switch off valve (switch type) two kinds of formula. The transmission of control signals through the Internet of things has become a mainstream way in the field of automation and networking. Through the bottom transmission path of the network, the signal can be transmitted to the scene, so that it can achieve real-time and accuracy effect. (2) the safety execution torque, the switch is convenient and quick. According to the size of the valve, the switch speed regulation can be carried out through the gear box of different specifications, the larger valve spool can be promoted with small force, the electronic travel switch is set as the electronic limit, and the limit of the mechanical way is set up, and the safety protection of the super stroke phenomenon is born. (3) protection of safety electrical appliances. The sensor is pre embedded into the internal mechanism of the actuator as the overheating protection for the motor plugging of the actuator; overloading and closing the overload alarm, through a mechanical switch with a certain torque inside, passes through the electrical signal to the electronic control board, and will open the overload and the off overload as the limit protection function.
缺點：（1）安裝環境必須良好。普通型電動執行器安裝現場需做防潮防濕處理。特殊場合還需做防爆處理。現場環境建議干燥，無易燃物，有一定的通風防潮能力。（2）電子配件屬于易耗品。電子元件老化后，精度易受影響，特別是調節型產品；電子配件含程序軟件價格相對昂貴，故障率在運維不到位時發生頻次較高。維護成本較高。（3）機械結構比較復雜，安裝調試困難，非專業人士組裝維修困難。一個電動執行器內部包含復雜的機械結構，關鍵處組合電子配件的使用，涉及兩個行業的標準，所以非專業人員維護是一件比較困難的事情。
Shortcomings: (1) the installation environment must be good. The common electric actuator should be moisture-proof and moistureproof. Special occasions also need to do explosion-proof treatment. The site environment is dry and flammable. It has certain ventilation and moisture resistance. (2) electronic accessories belong to consumable goods. After the aging of electronic components, the precision is easy to be affected, especially the regulated products; the price of the program software of electronic parts is relatively expensive, and the frequency of failure is higher when the operation and maintenance is not in place. The maintenance cost is high. (3) the mechanical structure is complex, and the installation and commissioning is difficult. An electric actuator contains complex mechanical structures, the key part of the electronic components is used, and it involves the standards of two industries, so it is a difficult thing to maintain non professional personnel.

總結
Summary
作為一個執行的終端，可能有很多故障率的發生，但是可以因為運維到位以及安裝環境的合理規范，這種電控產品的穩定性還是可以被保證的，可以成為環保的智能化、自動化基礎的重要的組成部分。
As an execution terminal, there may be a lot of failure rates, but the stability of this electronic control product can be guaranteed because of the operation and maintenance and the reasonable installation environment. It can be the most important part of the intelligent and automatic environmental protection.